Question | Answer |
What influences did Aristotle have on astronomy? | First solar system model, circular shape for the orbits.
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In doing so he solved what problem purposed by an earlier astronomer. What was that model? | Heliocentric.
| Describe Ptolemy’s “wheels on wheels” model for the solar system. | Planets moving on circular orbits on a circular path around the sun.
| Most of Copernicus’ ideas are still held true today. What was his biggest influence on the model of the solar system? | Heliocentric model
| What big change did Kepler make to Copernicus’ solar system model? | Elliptical orbits
| Galileo was a man of many trades. What influences did he have on astronomy? List at least 3. | Jupiter’s moon showing other things orbit planets, Venus’ phases, telescope.
| What roles does gravity play in the universe? | Holds everything together.
| Explain Kepler’s first law of motion. | Planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus.
| Kepler’s second law describes the speed at which planets move depending on their location. Explain at which point planets move fastest and slowest and why? | Perihelion, fastest, closest to the sun Aphelion, furthest, slowest, less area to cover in same amount of time.
| What two features of a planet’s orbit are factored into Kepler’s third law? | Orbital Period, Distance from the Sun.
| Explain how Newton’s Law of Universal Gravity applies to both large scale and small scale ideas. | Larger the mass the greater the gravity, the larger the distance, the smaller the gravity.
| What is the result of the planetary movement and gravity? | Inertia
| One way to compare the objects of space is by their relative sizes. What is larger than a galaxy? | Universe
| A large celestial body that is composed of gas and that emits light is a(n) ________________________. | Star
| A(n) ________________________ consists of one star or more than one star and all the objects in orbit around the central star. | solar system
| A(n) ________________________ is a large group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity. | galaxy
| A galaxy contains stars, gas, and dust. This matter must be held together or the galaxy will break apart. What is responsible for holding the stars, gas, and dust together in a galaxy? | gravity
| What are the three main shapes that galaxies tend to take? | elliptical, spiral, irregular.
| What is found between galaxies? | voids
| Galaxies come in many sizes. How do we describe the range in size of galaxies? | from dwarf galaxies to giant galaxies |