Where & Why?
China is surrounded by Mongolia, North Korea, Pakistan, India, Vietnam Afghanistan and Nepal. The main cities in China are Beijing, Shanghai and Honk Kong.
The one child policy was introduced because China is over populated. There are too many people and not enough resources. The government’s aim is to reduce the countries birth rate and low population growth to improve standards of living conditions and economy through population control as well as unemployment.
What & When?
The one child policy is where couples are encouraged to have only one child. If the child born is a girl they are allowed to have another child which hopefully will be a boy. There are rewards for having only one child such as interest free loans, higher values and retirement funds. Each day in 2009 there were more than 35.OOO forced abortions. Face penalties such as fines from $370 to $12.800 and unemployment if they have more than one child.
The one child policy was introduced in 1979. 1995 fertility rate stabilized at 1.7. 2007 researched showed population ageing and a negative population growth in some areas but was also found remarkably effective.
How:
The one child policy is enforced by the National Population and family planning commissions of china. The OCP has made an increase is forced abortions. The policy was implemented by making it seem like a good idea as you get: free health care, free education, access to free birth control and a 10% wage bonus. If parents had more 2 children they would lose all their benefits and have to pay a fine plus an annual tax to support the tax of their 2nd child.
Advantages:
The OCP has slowed down the population growth rate and if the policy was not introduced there would be around 500million more Chinese people. The fertility rate has dropped to a respectable rate of 1.7. The population growth is 0.7%. The population is predicted to reach 1.6billion in 2050.
Disadvantages:
One child is left to support two parents and maybe even four grandparents. The high amount of abortions has led to a high se ratio of men to women. There are about 60million more men in China. There is a large amount of homeless girls. 90% of abortions are female this has led to discrimination against women.
My Opinion: