Negotiation
the process by which people involved in a dispute discuss their problem and try to reach a solution acceptable to all.It is a less formal way to solve a dispute, and because of this it is ideal for many types of problems.
Mediation
takes place when a third personhelps the disputing parties talk about their problem and settle their differences. It is about right in the middle when it comes to formality, but the mediator can only listen.
Arbitration
both parties to a dispute agree to have one or more persons listen to their arguments and make a decision for them. It is a more formal way to solve a dispute and is common in union worker cases.
Negotation and medation are very close because they both require the disputers to talk to eachother with minimal intervening.
Third parties are involved for assisstance and to make a decision.
Third parties are involved to make sure the a decision has been made.
All three, there is a problem being solved, by some means.