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| Question | Answer |
| The Middle Ages in Europe refers to the 1000-year period | following the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West. |
| The manor was the 2 | Basic social and economic unit during feudal times. |
| In the feudal period, a personal bond of loyalty was sworn by a _______to a ______.3 | vassal / lord |
| Charlemagne was 4 | The ruler who created the first empire in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire |
| Who of the following is most noted for having envisioned a new kingdom called Christendom? 5 | Pope Gregory I |
| The practices of the Catholic Church whereby followers receive salvation are called the 6 | Seven Sacraments |
| The pope and the Holy Roman Emperor had a major disagreement over what issue?7 | lay investiture |
| Repeated ____________ and ______________ caused a series of changes that altered the economy, government, and culture of Western Europe society.8 | plagues and crime |
| In the Roman province of Gaul (mainly what is now_______________ and _____________), a Germanic people called the Franks held power. 9 | France and Switzerland |
| _________________ played a key role in spreading Christianity. By 600, the Church, with the help of Frankish rulers, had converted many Germanic peoples.10 | politics |
| Around 520, an Italian monk named ______________ began writing a book describing a strict yet practical set of rules for monasteries.11 | Benedict |
| The Italian monk's sister, ______________, headed a convent and adapted the same rules for women.12 | Scholastica |
| In 590, Gregory I, also called Gregory the Great, became pope. As head of the Church in Rome, Gregory broadened the authority of the papacy, or ______________, beyond its spiritual role.13 | pope's office |
| Government system that developed in the Middle Ages in which an oath of loyalty was sworn and land was given for the purpose of protection:14 | Feudalism |
| How were serfs different from slaves?15 | Serfs could not be bought, sold or traded like slaves |
| What was the role of the knights during the Middle Ages?16 | To defend the lands of his lord |
| The central European Empire (encompassing modern-day Germany and northern Italy) that worked closely with the Church to protect Christianity was the 17 | Holy Roman Empire |
| What was the religion of Europe during the Middle Ages, serving as the most civilizing force in society?18 | Roman Catholic Church |