| Question | Answer |
| Which idea about leadership would Niccolo Machiavelli most likely support? (A) leaders should do whatever is necessary to achieve their goals (B) leaders should fight against discrimination and intolerance (C) leaders should listen to the desires of the people (D) elected leaders should be fair and good |
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Mercantilism drove colonization because—(A) It drove countries to export more than they imported, thus fueling the desire for raw materials (B) It drove colonies to import slaves in order to work their fields (C) It drove countries to import more than they exported, thus fueling the desire for wealth (D) It promoted merchants and their interests above all other social classes2 |
| In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism was- (A) a belief in the supremacy of the state in relation to individual rights (B) an appreciation for the basic worth of individual achievement (C) an emphasis on social control and obedience to national rulers (D) a rejection of ancient civilizations and their cultures3 |
| Which statement describes a direct effect of the Renaissance on Western Europe? (A) the philosophy of humanism brought about a decrease in the power of the Roman Catholic Church (B) art began to reflect an increased emphasis on religious themes (C) nationalistic movements among the minority ethnic groups in the region declines (D) the feudal system was developed to provide stability in a decentralized political structure4 |
| Martin Luther’s posting of his Ninety-five Theses in 1517 led to —(A) a decline in the expansion of overseas colonies (B) the beginning of the Crusades in the Middle East (C) a decline in the authority of the Catholic Church (D) the emergence of absolute monarchies5 |
| One factor essential to the development of early civilizations was —(A) the ability to produce surplus food (B) the taking of an annual census (C) the use of a standard medium of exchange (D) the emergence of a distinct caste system6 |
| The Berlin Conference affected European imperialism in Africa by — (A) establishing partnerships with local kingdoms to promote trade (B) defending the rights of African citizens to participate in colonial governments (C) supporting the establishment of colonial areas of influence (D) developing guidelines to regulate joint-stock trading companies7 |
| The Silk Road allowed products to move between which of the following pairs of empires? (A)The Roman and Greek (B) The Han and Spanish (C) The Europeans and Asians (D) The Inca and Aztec8 |
| The term “Columbian Exchange” refers primarily to—(A) the biological exchange between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres (B) the trade in gold from the Caribbean to Africa (C) the rewards that Spanish monarchs promised Columbus (D) European raw materials brought to the Caribbean for trade9 |
| The greatest influence in spreading the ideas of the Renaissance from Italy to other parts of the world was – (A) the patronization of painters in Italy. (B) humanists traveling to other parts of Europe, preaching their ideas. (C) the invention of the movable metal type and the printing press. (D) the wealth of the Medici family.10 |
| What were the main reasons for European exploration? (A) Introduce new crops and techniques (B) Overpopulation (C) Spread the English language (D) Territorial exploration, obtain wealth and spices11 |
| What was the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama known for? (A) He opened his own school of navigation. (B) He found an all-water route to Asia by way of Africa and the Indian Ocean. (C) He found an all-water route to Asia by way of the Americas. (D) He named the tip of Africa the Cape of Good Hope because he hoped he had found a water route to Asia12 |
| The greatest effect of the introduction of American food crops to Afro-Eurasia was – (A) Decreased cultivation of Old World crops (B) The destruction of former farming techniques as farmers struggled to cultivate New World crops (C) The loss of key Old World crops to the nutrient-hungry New World crops (D) Increased cultivation and an increased use of rural land, which supported a growing population13 |
| Which of the following describes the reason for the spread of Renaissance culture through Europe? (A) Military expansion (B) The spread of learned scholars throughout the continent (C) The extensive travels of Christian missionaries (D) Economic prosperity and the circulation of printed books14 |
| Between 1000 and 1450, which of the following innovations contributed to the growth of long-distance sea trade? (A) The needle compass (B) The Portuguese caravel (C) The improvement of mapmaking (D) All of the above15 | |
