| Question | Answer |
| 1. What is a centromere? |
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2. What is the diploid number of chromosomes for a human? |
| 3. Define a gene. |
| 4. What are the names of gametes? |
| 5. Where are gametes produced? |
| 6. In which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell? |
| 7. Human egg cells are most similar to human sperm cell in their | A. shape and size, B. degree of motility, C. chromosome number, D. amount of food stored
| 8. Testes are adapted to produce | A. body cells involved in embryo function, B. gametes with large food supplies that nourish a developing embryo, C. immature gametes that undergo mitosis, D. sperm cells that may be involved in fertilization
| 9. Although all the body cells in an animal contain the same hereditary information, they do not all look and function the same way. The cause of this difference is that during differentiation | A. embryonic cells use different portions of their genetic information, B. genes in embryonic body cells mutate rapidly, C. the number of genes increases as embryonic cells move to new locations, D. embryonic cells delete portions of chromosomes.
| 10. During meiosis, crossing-over (gene exchange between chromosomes) may occur. Crossing-over usually results in | A. the formation of identical offspring, B. fertilization and development, C. variation within the species, D. overproduction of gametes
| 11. A sudden change in the DNA of a chromosome can usually be passed on to future generations if the change occurs in a | A. skin cell, B. sex cell, C. brain cell, D. liver cell
| 12. What occurs during cytokinesis? |
| 13. What is the name of two identical strands of a replicated chromosome? |
| 14. Identify the type of cell division involved with tissue repair. |
| 15. Identify the type of cell division that produces cells used for sexual reproduction. |
| 16. Why are the offspring of organisms that reproduce sexually not genetically identical to their parents? |
| 17. Meiosis occurs in the development of sex cells. Mitosis occurs in most other cells. Identify two other differences between these processes. |
| 18. In animals, the normal development of an embryo is dependent upon | A. mitosis and differentiation of cells after fertilization has occured, B. production of body cells having half the number of chromosomes as the zygote, C. fertilization of a mature egg by many sperm cells, D. production of new cells having twice the number of chromosomes as the zygote
| 19. The great variet of possible gene combinations in a sexually reproducing species is due in part to the | A. paring of genes as a result of differentiation, B. sorting of genes as a result of meiosis, C. pairing of genes as a result of mitosis, D. sorting of genes as a result of gene replication
| 20. Compared to human cells resulting from mitotic cell division, human cells resulting from meiotic cell division have | A. one-quarter as many chromosomes, B. one-half as many chromosomes, C. the same number of chromosomes, D. twice as many chromosomes
| 21. Most cells in the body of a fruit fly contain eight chromosomes. How many of these chromosomes were contributed by each parent of the fly? |
| 22. In sexually reproducing species, the number of chromosomes in each body cell remains the same from one generation to the next as a direct result of what two processes? | |
