Question | Answer |
Explain life in Africa before Europeans came | There were varied governments, some cities and villages, nomadic hunters and artists.
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Why did Europeans first become interested in Africa | As trade route purposes
| Europeans later saw Africa as a continent full of what | They saw Africa was a continent full of natural resources and mineral wealth
| What is Imperialism | mperialism is a system where a strong country takes wealth and raw materials from another country.
| Why is the end of the 19th century was called the Age of Imperialism | That is when European countries competed for land and power throughout Asia and Africa.
| What was the Scramble for Africa | When European countries were all trying to take parts of Africa to make colonies
| What was the Berlin Conference | A meeting between US leaders and European leaders- they were dividing Africa among the European countries in order to prevent wars
| After the Berlin Conference, who had the most land in Africa | Great Britain
| The creation of boundaries throughout Africa had a negative effect on the people by doing what two things | The creation of these borders had a negative impact on Africa’s political and social structures by either dividing groups that wanted to be together or combining ethnic groups that were enemies.
| By the mid-twentieth century Africans began to demand _____ | ndependence from European countries
| What was the main goal of the Pan-African Movement | To bring African people together for the common cause of being independent
| The Pan-African movement helped lead to ____ for African nations | Independence
| What is apartheid | A series of restrictive segregationist laws
| In the South African language, Afrikaans, what does apartheid mean | partness
| What did the Bantu Authority Act setup in South Africa | Homelands for black South Africans
| What was the ANC and what did they do | frican National Congress; fought against Apartheid
| Eventually the South African government did what to the ANC | Declared the ANC illegal and began arresting members
| Who was born July 18, 1918 | Nelson Mandela
| After becoming a lawyer, Mandela, became a prominent leader in the ANC and led _______. | Protest against Apartheid
| Who did Mandela admire and why | Gandhi because he led peaceful and not-violent
| Explain what happened at Sharpeville and how did that change the attitude of the ANC | It started out as a peaceful protest against apartheid; the South African police began to fire at the protesters, 69 were killed; the ANC began to advocate more violent protest
| What happened to Mandela in the early 1960s | he was arrested and charged with trying to overthrow the government; he was sentenced to life in prison.
| Who came to power in South Africa in 1989 and what did he immediately start working on | F.W. de Klerk; he began working to end apartheid
| In 1990, de Klerk did what | He let Mandela out of prison
| What was given in 1993, who was it given to, and why | The Nobel Peace Prize was given to de Klerk and Mandela for peacefully moving the country into a nonracial democracy
| What occurred in 1994 and what was the outcome | South Africa’s first election that was open to all races. Mandela became the countries first black president
| Are there still issues in South Africa today and if so what are they | yes; There is still economic inequality and poverty throughout the country. |