| Question | Answer |
| Name three composers of Lieder | Schubert, Schumann and Brahms
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When composers put Romantic Song in to a set, what was this called? | A Song Cycle
| Where were Lieder originally performed? | Confined settings, small audience in a private house
| What is the term used to describe music where each verse is set to the same music? | Stropic
| What is the term used to describe music where each verse is set to different music? | Through-Composed
| What language are Lieder usually performed in? | German
| What type of texture is most commonly used in Lieder? | Melody and Accompaniment
| What themes are usually explored in the words of a Lied? | Emotional themes, love, sadness, loss or anger
| What themes do Pop Ballads usually explore through their lyrics? | Relationships and love
| Name two pop ballad performers | Elton John, Ellie Goulding, Mariah Carey, Christina Aguilera, Beyonce
| What is a melisma? | When word syllable is sung to many notes
| What vocal techniques are often used in Pop Ballads? | Ornamentation, melismas, rubato, large range, long held notes
| What type of lyrics are used in a Pop Ballad? | Sentimental or romantic lyrics
| Describe the tempo of Pop Ballads | A slow tempo
| What metre is used in Pop Ballads? | 4/4 metre
| Describe the harmonic pace of a Pop Ballad | Slow Harmonic Pace
| What form is used in Pop Ballads? | Verse-Chorus
| Which beats does the drum pattern accentuate in a Pop Ballad? | The Snare Drum, accents beats 2 and 4
| Which studio effect is often used on the vocal line to create a warmer sound in Pop Ballads? | Reverb
| How many movements does a concerto normally contain? | Three movements, fast-slow-fast
| What is a concerto? | A work for a solo instruments (or two or more soloists occasionally) and orchestra
| Name two famous Classical concerto composers | Mozart and Haydn
| In the Classical Concerto, often there would be rapid scales, extreme registers, large leaps and ornamentation. Which section within the structure of a concerto is this most likely to be found? And what word can we use to describe this kind of playing? | Cadenza, Virtuosic
| There are many styles of Jazz, however, which section in a piece of Jazz would unite the various styles? | Improvised sections
| What type of rhythm would you expect to hear in a piece of Jazz Music? | Syncopated, swung
| What type of bassline is used in Jazz Music? | Walking Bass
| What type of vocal technique is used in Jazz music? | Scat Singing
| What type of scale is Jazz Music based on? | Blues Scale, a major scale with a flattened third, fifth and seventh
| What is comping- a technique used in Jazz music? | When a pianist accompanies an improvised solo by playing simple chords
| What is a sitar? | A plucked string instruments with frets
| What is the difference between a Sarod and a Sitar? Both of which are instruments used in Indian –Classical Music | A sarod has no frets, but a sitar does. The Sarod player creates lots of glissandos as they are able to slide easily between notes
| What are Tabla? | A pair of small drums
| What three elements does Indian Classical Music consist of? | A melody line, a rhythmic pattern and a drone
| What is the scale called that the melody in Indian Classical music is based on? | A Raga
| Which instrument plays the drone in a piece of Indian Classical music? | The Tanpura – a plucked string instrument with four strings
| What are the three sections in Indian Classical Music? | Alap, Gat, Jhalla – Alap is free and slow and doesn’t use the tabla, Gat, the tabla enters, in the Jhalla, the tempo gets faster and more virtuosic
| What does the word Gamelan refer to? | A set of tuned percussion instruments
| Where does Gamelan come from? | Indonesia – the Islands of Java and Bali
| Which two scales can a Gamelan be tuned to? | A slendro or a pelog
| How is the music structured in Gamelan? | In cycles, one cycle is called a gongan, and the end is marked with a stroke on the large gong
| Who leads a Gamelan? | The drummer
| What is Chamber music? | Instrumental music performed by a small group of players. Originally performed in a small room, thus the name ‘Chamber’
| What were the two most popular types of chamber music in the late Baroque period? | Solo Sonatas, Trio Sonatas
| What were the two most popular types of chamber music in the Classical period? | String Quartet and Wind Quintet
| How many movements does a Baroque sonata contain? | At least four short movements
| What is an Oratorio? | A Large-Scale work for Vocal soloists, mixed choir and orchestra
| An oratorio contains a number of movements, these include, an Aria, Recitative and a Chorus, but what are these? | Aria – movement for the soloist, accompanied by the orchestra. Recitative – A short section for a soloist, accompanied by a few instruments, the singing sounds more speech like. Chorus – a movement for the choir and orchestra
| Where would African a cappella songs be performed? | At religious ceremonies and other occasions such as weddings and funerals
| What texture is popular in African a cappella music? | Homophonic
| What sort of rhythms are used in African a cappella music? | Syncopated, complex rhythms
| Are African a cappella songs mainly in a major or minor key? | Major
| How do the parts in an African a cappella song move together? | In parallel thirds
| Where did Waltz originate? | Austria, Vienna
| Name two composers of Waltzes | Strauss, Tchaikovsky and Lanner
| What metre are Waltzes written in? | 3/4
| How would you describe the phrases in a piece of Waltz music? | Regular 4 bar balanced phrases, with smooth and flowing melodies
| What structure is most commonly used in a Waltz? | Binary Form
| Where did Tango originate? | In Argentina, Buenos Aires
| What metre is Tango music usually written in? | 2/4
| True or false = The melodies in Tango are often chromatic | True
| What is Salsa based on? | Son – a type of music from Cuba that combines Spanish and African elements
| What metre is Salsa music written in? | 4/4
| Which instrument plays the rhythm in Salsa? | The claves (two wooden sticks)
| What tonality is most frequently used in Salsa music? | Major
| True or False – In American Line Dance, the melodies are usually very repetitive and have a narrow range, they are structured in regular four bar phrases | True
| What structure is used in American Line Dance? | Verse-Chorus
| What is the difference in metre between a Jig and a Reel? | A jig is in compound time, a reel is in simple time
| What intervals are most commonly used in the melodies of Irish Jig and Reel? | small intervals, particularly 4ths and 5ths
| What metre is Bhangra written in? | 4/4
| What is the most important rhythm in Bhangra known as? | The chaal, a repeated eight-note pattern played on the dohl
| What language is Bhangra performed in? | Punjab
| What tempo does most Disco music follow? | 120bpm
| What is a hook? | A catchy motif that is repeated during a song
| In Club Dance, samples are used, but what is this? | When short chunks of recorded sound taken from a different track are used
| What is the phrase structure of Club Dance Music? | 4 and 8 bar phrases – regular phrases |
