1. Arrange students into groups. Each group needs at least ONE person who has a mobile device.
2. If their phone camera doesn't automatically detect and decode QR codes, ask students to
4. Cut them out and place them around your class / school.
1. Give each group a clipboard and a piece of paper so they can write down the decoded questions and their answers to them.
2. Explain to the students that the codes are hidden around the school. Each team will get ONE point for each question they correctly decode and copy down onto their sheet, and a further TWO points if they can then provide the correct answer and write this down underneath the question.
3. Away they go! The winner is the first team to return with the most correct answers in the time available. This could be within a lesson, or during a lunchbreak, or even over several days!
4. A detailed case study in how to set up a successful QR Scavenger Hunt using this tool can be found here.
Question | Answer |
| 1. Self -report studies suggest that female offenders are treated more leniently. John Graham and Ben Bowlings (1995) sampled 1,721 14-25 year olds and found that males were more likely to offend but the difference between males and females was smaller than those recorded in official statistics. | Chivalry | 2. Early sociologists, functionalists such as Talcott Parsons, suggested that socialization of males and females accounted for differences in crime rates. EG. Males socialized to be more aggressive and therefore more likely to commit violent crimes. In the nuclear family, men take on the instrumental, breadwinner role whereas women perform the expressive role where they take on the main responsibility for socializing children. Boys reject the feminine role model and engage in ‘compensatory compulsory masculinity’ through aggression and anti social behaviour. Albert Cohen suggests that the lack of male role models means boys are more likely to turn to male street gangs as a source of masculine identity. New Right theorists also see that matrifocal, lone parent families also leads boys turning to gangs for status and identity. | sex role | 3. Heidensohn says women are conformists and they commit fewer crimes because society is patriarchal. This imposes control over women at home, in public and at work. The restrictions of patriarchy mean that women have less opportunity to commit crime. Women who try to reject a domestic role may be subjected to domestic violence. Dobash and Dobash argue – many violent attacks result from males dissatisfaction with women’s performance of domestic duties. Men also control finances denying funds for women and restricting them. Girls are less likely to come and go as they please and may develop a ‘bedroom culture’ (socializing at home) and so less opportunity for deviance. In public women are controlled through fear of male violence – Islington crime survey 54% women avoided going out after dark (14% men). Heidensohn adds that sensationalist media reporting heightens fear. Distorted media portrays rapists as strangers who commit random attacks. Females may also fear being judged as not respectable – dress, make up, demeanor and ways of speaking and acting. Women likely to be labelled as ‘slags’ if they fail to conform to expected gender roles. At work women are controlled by male supervisors and sexual harassment is widespread. The glass ceiling prevents women from taking up senior positions so less likely to commit white collar crime. Heidensohn recognizes that as well as not committing certain crimes, women may turn to thefr or prostitution as a result of inequalities in the labour market. | Control | 4. Pat Carlen used unstructured interviews in a study of 39 15-46 year old women who had been convicted of crimes. 20 were in prison or youth custody and most were working class. Carlen uses a version of Hirshi’s control theory to explain female crime – humans controlled by the ‘deal’ of rewards for conforming to social norms. People turn to crime if the rewards of crime appear greater. Carlen argues women conform through 2 deals: 1.) class deal women who work gain material rewards 2) gender deal – patriarchal ideology promises material and emotional reward from family life through conforming to conventional domestic gender roles | deals | 5. If patriarchy exercises control then it would be logical to assume that women’s liberation would lead to more equal crime rates for both men and women. Freda Adler suggests that as as women were liberated from patriarchy, their crimes would be more frequent and as serious as men’s. Because of changes in the structure of society there would be changes in women’s offending behaviour. Education and work more equal so women commit typically male offences -violence and white collar crime. Some evidence for this is that females share of offences has risen in the second half of the 20th century. Dencambo (2001) studies of ‘girl gangs’ - Midlands teenagers’ self images found that females as likely as males to engage in risk taking behaviour and adopt more ‘male stances’. – desiring control and looking ‘hard' | liberation | 6. Evaluate | liberate | 7. Evaluate | control |
Self -report studies suggest that female offenders are treated more leniently. John Graham and Ben Bowlings (1995) sampled 1,721 14-25 year olds and found that males were more likely to offend but the difference between males and females was smaller than those recorded in official statistics.&choe=UTF-8
Question 1 (of 7)
Early sociologists, functionalists such as Talcott Parsons, suggested that socialization of males and females accounted for differences in crime rates. EG. Males socialized to be more aggressive and therefore more likely to commit violent crimes. In the nuclear family, men take on the instrumental, breadwinner role whereas women perform the expressive role where they take on the main responsibility for socializing children. Boys reject the feminine role model and engage in ‘compensatory compulsory masculinity’ through aggression and anti social behaviour. Albert Cohen suggests that the lack of male role models means boys are more likely to turn to male street gangs as a source of masculine identity. New Right theorists also see that matrifocal, lone parent families also leads boys turning to gangs for status and identity.&choe=UTF-8
Question 2 (of 7)
Heidensohn says women are conformists and they commit fewer crimes because society is patriarchal. This imposes control over women at home, in public and at work. The restrictions of patriarchy mean that women have less opportunity to commit crime. Women who try to reject a domestic role may be subjected to domestic violence. Dobash and Dobash argue – many violent attacks result from males dissatisfaction with women’s performance of domestic duties. Men also control finances denying funds for women and restricting them. Girls are less likely to come and go as they please and may develop a ‘bedroom culture’ (socializing at home) and so less opportunity for deviance. In public women are controlled through fear of male violence – Islington crime survey 54% women avoided going out after dark (14% men). Heidensohn adds that sensationalist media reporting heightens fear. Distorted media portrays rapists as strangers who commit random attacks. Females may also fear being judged as not respectable – dress, make up, demeanor and ways of speaking and acting. Women likely to be labelled as ‘slags’ if they fail to conform to expected gender roles. At work women are controlled by male supervisors and sexual harassment is widespread. The glass ceiling prevents women from taking up senior positions so less likely to commit white collar crime. Heidensohn recognizes that as well as not committing certain crimes, women may turn to thefr or prostitution as a result of inequalities in the labour market. &choe=UTF-8
Question 3 (of 7)
Pat Carlen used unstructured interviews in a study of 39 15-46 year old women who had been convicted of crimes. 20 were in prison or youth custody and most were working class. Carlen uses a version of Hirshi’s control theory to explain female crime – humans controlled by the ‘deal’ of rewards for conforming to social norms. People turn to crime if the rewards of crime appear greater. Carlen argues women conform through 2 deals: 1.) class deal women who work gain material rewards 2) gender deal – patriarchal ideology promises material and emotional reward from family life through conforming to conventional domestic gender roles&choe=UTF-8
Question 4 (of 7)
If patriarchy exercises control then it would be logical to assume that women’s liberation would lead to more equal crime rates for both men and women. Freda Adler suggests that as as women were liberated from patriarchy, their crimes would be more frequent and as serious as men’s. Because of changes in the structure of society there would be changes in women’s offending behaviour. Education and work more equal so women commit typically male offences -violence and white collar crime. Some evidence for this is that females share of offences has risen in the second half of the 20th century. Dencambo (2001) studies of ‘girl gangs’ - Midlands teenagers’ self images found that females as likely as males to engage in risk taking behaviour and adopt more ‘male stances’. – desiring control and looking ‘hard'&choe=UTF-8
Question 5 (of 7)
Evaluate&choe=UTF-8
Question 6 (of 7)
Evaluate&choe=UTF-8
Question 7 (of 7)
