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"Ch. 16 - The Oceans and Climate Change": HTML5 Crossword |
Across2. A _______ feedback loop counteracts an initial change. (8)
3. A bright spot on the Sun that is associated with magnetic storms. (7)
4. An agreement among 60 nations to voluntarily limit greenhouse gas emissions, signed in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan. (13)
7. The heating of Earth’s atmosphere that results from the absorption by components of the atmosphere such as water vapor and carbon dioxide of infrared radiation from Earth’s surface. (16)
8. The second-most-abundant human-caused greenhouse gas, produced by leakage from decomposing trash in landfills, domestic cattle, and agriculture. (7)
9. Deliberately manipulating one or more of Earth’s systems for the benefit of humankind. Also called geoengineering. (17)
11. A naturally-occurring chemical compound composed of 2 oxygen atoms each covalently double-bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a chief greenhouse gas. (13)
12. The movement of CO2 that enters the ocean from the atmosphere through the water column to the sediment on the ocean floor by biological processes—photosynthesis, secretion of shells, feeding, and dying. (14)
13. A _______ system is a complex and interacting group of five “spheres” of a planet: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere. It includes the exchanges of energy and moisture that occur among these five spheres. (7)
14. The study of Earth’s past climate. (16)
16. The _______ on Climate Change is a worldwide group started in 1988 comprised of atmospheric and climate scientists that study the human effects on climate change and global warming. (22)
17. Algal plankton. One of the most important communities of primary producers in the ocean. (13)
18. An increase in average worldwide temperature. (13)
19. A self-repeating processes in which an initial change is modified. (12)
20. Fuel formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. Examples include coal, oil, and natural gas. (10)
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Down1. The equilibrium that exists on the average between the amounts of heat absorbed by Earth and that returned to space. (10)
5. The process by which the ocean’s pH is lowered, which increases its acidity. (18)
6. _______ gases are gases that have a high heat-trapping capacity and contribute to global warming. (10)
10. A _______ feedback loop amplifies an initial change. (8)
15. A hypothesis that states that an effective way of increasing productivity in the ocean is to fertilize the ocean by adding the only nutrient that appears to be lacking—iron. Adding iron to the ocean also increases the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere. (14)
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ACROSS
2. A _______ feedback loop counteracts an initial change. (8)
3. A bright spot on the Sun that is associated with magnetic storms. (7)
4. An agreement among 60 nations to voluntarily limit greenhouse gas emissions, signed in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan. (13)
7. The heating of Earth’s atmosphere that results from the absorption by components of the atmosphere such as water vapor and carbon dioxide of infrared radiation from Earth’s surface. (16)
8. The second-most-abundant human-caused greenhouse gas, produced by leakage from decomposing trash in landfills, domestic cattle, and agriculture. (7)
9. Deliberately manipulating one or more of Earth’s systems for the benefit of humankind. Also called geoengineering. (17)
11. A naturally-occurring chemical compound composed of 2 oxygen atoms each covalently double-bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a chief greenhouse gas. (13)
12. The movement of CO2 that enters the ocean from the atmosphere through the water column to the sediment on the ocean floor by biological processes—photosynthesis, secretion of shells, feeding, and dying. (14)
13. A _______ system is a complex and interacting group of five “spheres” of a planet: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere. It includes the exchanges of energy and moisture that occur among these five spheres. (7)
14. The study of Earth’s past climate. (16)
16. The _______ on Climate Change is a worldwide group started in 1988 comprised of atmospheric and climate scientists that study the human effects on climate change and global warming. (22)
17. Algal plankton. One of the most important communities of primary producers in the ocean. (13)
18. An increase in average worldwide temperature. (13)
19. A self-repeating processes in which an initial change is modified. (12)
20. Fuel formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. Examples include coal, oil, and natural gas. (10)
DOWN
1. The equilibrium that exists on the average between the amounts of heat absorbed by Earth and that returned to space. (10)
5. The process by which the ocean’s pH is lowered, which increases its acidity. (18)
6. _______ gases are gases that have a high heat-trapping capacity and contribute to global warming. (10)
10. A _______ feedback loop amplifies an initial change. (8)
15. A hypothesis that states that an effective way of increasing productivity in the ocean is to fertilize the ocean by adding the only nutrient that appears to be lacking—iron. Adding iron to the ocean also increases the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere. (14)
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