The Nuremberg trials 1945- trials of the leading members of the Nazi Party- 12 leaders sentenced to death, 3 life sentences, four sentences for up to 20 years’ imprisonment
1000S trials later on-Controversial as for some individuals, it was difficult to prove that they are legally guilty + what’s about atomic bomb by America or the Soviet troops in Poland
End 1946 - a quarter of 1m of German NSDAP ex-members were arrested and banned from leading positions
in British part: only 1.3% of all screened Germans in their zone were actually punished
The Soviet sector, need for engineers and skilled Germans such as doctors , therefore 450000 dismissed from the office first, but after reappointed
Decentralization: Soviet- centralized power by Soviets: US zone- 3 Lander established and elections held in 1946
French- also strict centralized control- security+ financial interest, but in 1947 - Lander elections
Conclusion: decentralization in the West, but controlled by the allies, HOWEVER Soviet part totally controlled
Soviet Military Administration in Germany ( SMAD) established in the Soviet zone
SPD+KPD are forced to fuse = SED ( Socialist Unity Party of Germany)
Reparations- 1400 industrial plants from the zone sent to the USSR by 1946- by 1948 industrial capacity had fallen by 26%
213 firms brought under Soviet financial control
1946- the Nationalisation pushed through, hence by 1948 only 39% of industry and commerce remained private
Land reform- land redistribution - 2/3 of land to private smallholders, refugees, expellees and collectivization
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