Lack of coordination between military leaders
Operation of central bases from Petrograd and Moscow
Controlled territory was not contiguous
Working with allies allowed them to be perceived as unpatriotic
Trotsky was a skilled military commander
Controlled territory with industry and raw materials
Promises to feed soldiers led to a lot of recruits
Largely untrained volunteer army
Allies couldn't afford to be associated with atrocities of Russian army
Brutal treatment of people in areas they controlled
Control of Russian railways
Couldn't move supplies and troops long distances
Lack of a unified goal caused low morale