100,000 Republicans were killed during the war
70,000 Nationalists were killed during the war
10–15 per cent of its wealth was destroyed
per capita income was 28 per cent lower in 1939 than
70% of Madrid’s factory machinery needed to be
replaced, its communications systems had to be
Republican land reform was reversed
Spain had massive debts to pay
The loss of life meant an acute lack of skilled workers,
and a general labour shortage
Britain and Germany demanded repayment of debts
Economy improved suring the Second World War as
After the Second World War Spain was isolated and
During the 1950s and 1960s - in the context of the
Cold War - Spain's economy modernized, industrialized
and became a successful capitalist state.
thousands of Republican refugees fled to France to be suffer appaling conditions in French internment camps (see articles below for more details on this)
over 100,000 people were killed during this period, known as the ‘White Terror’.
Franco emerged from the war as Spain’s dictator
To purge the post-war political landscape and to
'save the country from communism' Franco launched
In 1939, the Law of Political Responsibility had made
supporters of the Republicans (either before or during
the war) liable to punishment.
All industrial political activism was outlawed. The CNT
and the UGT were destroyed.
Church power and influence was renewed
Basques and Catalans hopes for autonomy were
over.. Use of Catalan, Basque and Galician languages
was forbidden and all power was centralized in Madrid.
The suppression and removal of all political
opposition led to a period of political stability in Spain.
Franco restored the monarchy,
Franco increasingly delegated control from the 1960s
and, following his death, a democracy was restored in
250,000 people became refugees, many ending up in refugee camps in France.
Thousands of Republicans were held for years in concentration camps and prisons within Spain.
Republican children were often taken from their parents to be ‘re-educated’ either with Nationalist/Catholic families or sent to orphanages.
Spanish remained a deeply divided society for decades.
