Church scholars in Europe translated Greek and Arabic work into Latin.
The Crusades resulted in more trade because Europeans wanted Middle Eastern products.
Europeans started using banks and credit so they could trade more.
The Church was against usury (interest) so northern Italy became more secular.
Banks used Arabic numerals to keep their accounts in order.
Italian city-states were located on trade routes to Middle Eastern markets.
Florence, Venice, and Genoa were wealthy Italian city-states.
Wealthy merchants were leaders of their city-states.
Renaissance art often had Christian subjects, like Jesus and Mary.
Humanism valued Greek and Roman learning and focused on individuals.
Patrons paid for art that made city-states proud.
Petrarch was a poet that was the father of Humanism.
Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa, a portrait of a merchant's wife.
Leonardo da Vinci painted the Last Supper, which shows Jesus and the apostles.
Pope Julius II ordered Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo created a large sculpture of David for the city of Florence.
Merchants in Florence were wealthy from trading in wool and other goods.
Rome was the home of the Pope in a big palace called the Vatican.
Michelangelo sculpted in marble like ancient Greeks and Romans.
Leonardo da Vinci filled notebooks with ideas for new machines.
Wool merchants in Florence paid for huge sculpted gold doors for a church.
Lorenzo de Medici had an academy of humanist scholars modeled after Plato.
The city-state of Florence was a republic like ancient Rome.
The Medici family of Florence loaned money to popes, princes, and kings.
The city-state of Venice controlled all trade with Middle Eastern markets.
The Renaissance began in Italian city-states.
Michelangelo painted 350 figures in Bible scenes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Petrarch wanted everyone to study Greek and Roman writers like Homer and Virgil.
Petrarch wrote sonnets that were love poems to a married woman.
Michelangelo read Petrarch's sonnets and studied with humanists.
