Food processing requires energy
Biofuels production impacts on food supply
Water infrastructure & use impacts on fish stocks
Water infrastructure & use impacts on food supplies
Food production requires energy in terms of machinery & fertilizer
Water infrastructure impacts on land use
Food production impacts on water availability through over irrigation & groundwater extraction
Food distribution requires energy, often referred to as 'Food Miles'
Pastoral and arable food production needs clean water
Climate change means that rainfall & water availability are likely to become more uncertain
Fossil fuel extraction impacts on food supply and food prices
Food production impacts on water quality through agro-chemical runoff & salinization
Clean water supply requires energy for treatment, pumping & distribution as well as for biofuel growth
Energy production impacts on water availability
Energy production impacts on water quality e.g. pollution of groundwater supplies
Energy production needs water e.g. nuclear cooling
These decade "worry trends" were always single issues, now the move is towards nexus thinking
France's Bio (organic) industry has its headquarters (HQ) in L'Isle Jourdain (20km from school). They promote organically grown foodstuffs
Large areas of Garonne valley are now classes as "Bio" - in an attempt to reduce agro chemical runoff & eutrophication
Locally you can see examples of French supermarkets stocking seasonal produce to reduce energy and water footprints
Nexus can be approached from the perspective of sustainability & interrelationship between the environment, society & economy
Nexus is a response to the global crisis that hit energy and food demands in 2007 and 2008
War affects both water and energy security (e.g. Syria)
There are important linkages between water, food, energy and climate change
Food is key in terms of demand, assets and supply
Energy is key in terms of demand, assets and supply
Water is key in terms of demand, assets and supply
Meat-rich diets will require far more land than the traditional diets they will replace
Climate change is key in terms of its effects on food, energy and water
Much of the population growth and the middle-class growth will occur in countries that are already water-scarce
3 billion more middle-class people will demand more meat
More than 70% of the world's freshwater use is in agriculture
By 2030 it is predicted that we will require 50% more food
2017 sees 2 billion people worldwide in the middle-class
By 2030 it is predicted that we will require 30% more freshwater
2030 will see a middle-class numbering 5 billion
By 2030, total world population is predicted to be 8.5 billion people
In the 1990's, we were worries by water scarcity
In the 1970's, we were worried by oil
In the 2000's, we were worried about soil degradation
In the 1980's, we were worried by deforestation & the hole in the Ozone layer
