The Frankfurt School is a school of social theory and philosophy related in part with the Institue for Social Research at the Goethe University Frankfurt. The school consisted of neo-Marxist dissidents with capitalist, fascist, and communist systems. Many theories pointed to the possibility of an alternative path to social development.
The Institute for Social Research
First founded by Felix Weil, a student of the Marxist philosopher Karl Korsch. After the rise of Hitler, the Institute left Germany for Geneva and then moved to New York City, affiliated with Columbia University.
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein is one of the most renowned and respected German physicists. He developed the theory of relativity. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. After the rise of Hitler, however, being Jewish, he did not go back to Germany.
Theory of Relativity
It reconciles Maxwell's equations for electricity and magnetism with the laws of mechanics, by introducing major changes to mechanics close to the speed of light.
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis. He developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference, establishing its central role in the analytic process. After the rise of Hitler, as being Jewish, he left Austria to escape the Nazis.
Seduction Theory
It was a hypothesis that provided the solution to the problem of the origins of hysteria and obsessional neurosis. A repressed memory of an early childhood sexual abuse or molestation experience was the essential precondition for hysterical or obsessional symptoms, with the addition of an active sexual experience up to the age of eight for the latter.
Carl Jung
He was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. He was also influential in anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies. He conducted a lengthy correspondence and collaborated on an initially joint vision of human psychology.
Legacy: MBTI
A popular psychometric instrument and the concepts of socionics were developed by Jung's theory of psychological types. He viewed human psyche as "by nature religious" and made this religiousness the focus of his explorations. MBTI is a result of his dream analysis and symbolization.
Humboldt University of Berlin
It was established in 1810, located in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. This University influenced other European and Western Universities and has been widely called "the mother of all modern Universities" due to its higher education system. Humboldt University produced 55 Nobel Prize winners and considered one of the best Universities in Europe: best known for arts and humanities.
The Music Lesson
The Music Lesson or Lady at the Virginals with a Gentleman by Jan Vermeer, is a painting of young female pupil receiving the titular music lesson. [more]
