The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing - Mathematics
There were numerous mathematic discoveries in Muslim cities during this time, the most famous being al-Khwarizmi's algebra textbook. This book led to the study of algebra and was later translated to Latin to be used throughout Europe.
quadrant - astronomy
Based off of some Greek and Indian discoveries on astronomy, al - Khwarizmi, a Persian scholar was also able to invent the quadrant which is an astronomical device used to measure 90-degree angles. This device paved the way for many other inventions and theories regarding the study of celestial objects.
Sugarcane - agriculture
Agriculture was flourishing and thriving for Muslims. Crops like sugarcane, medicinal herbs, dyes, and cotton were either used by Muslims or traded to hopefully get something even more valuable. To make growing crops easy and more efficient, the Abbasids arranged for irrigation projects that would drain swamplands between the Tigres and Euphrates river.
Shahnameh - poetry
Poetry was a very important aspect of Muslim society. Poetry was an art form and a deep-rooted tradition for many Muslims. The Shahnameh is a very famous poem written by Firdawsi that highlights and describes crucial events in Persian history.
The canon of medicine - medicine
Muslims made great advancements in technology which included the work of Iba Sina, who was a Persian doctor that pioneered the Canon of Medicine. This book offers 4,000 prescriptions for various types of illnesses and other useful information regarding medicine.
The thousand and one nights - tales
Storytelling was a very important aspect of Islamic culture and was often a way for Muslims to express emotions and thoughts. The Thousand and One Nights is a very famous tale that utilizes multiple genres to convey many different emotions.
Swords from damascus - manufacturing
Guilds, which are groups of artisans and merchants, had the ability to regulate their prices, control what products were sold and how they made these products. With this economic freedom, guilds were able to sell multiple goods like swords from Damascus, leather goods from Córdoba, and cotton textiles from Egypt.
Silk Road trade route - international trade network
This silk road trade route was used by Muslims as an efficient way to transport technology and ideas across regions with the additional help of camels. Muslims and many other societies were taking the first steps of globalization, which is when cities are influenced by other regions. By trading so frequently Muslim cities were able to prosper.
Dome of the rock - architecture
Similar to the medieval designs of cathedrals in Christian cities, domes were very popular amongst Muslim architects. In fact, one of the holiest places in Islamic culture, the dome of the rock, utilizes the intricate designs of domes and minarets. Designs similar to the dome of the rock can be seen throughout Muslim cities.
Calligraphy - design and decoration
Because Muslims are not allowed to portray god through images and pictures, artists turned to calligraphy, which is the art of beautiful handwriting. Verses of the Quran can be seen in calligraphy and act as decoration for the ceilings of mosques.
