Peyton St. Clair Industrial Revolution Inventions: 3D Gallery

Spinning Jenny by James Hargreave 1764

The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame. It uses eight spindles attached to a set of eight rovings of which is attached a string. A worker would spin the wheel with their right hand while guiding the thread with their left, thus making cloth. It revolutionized the textile industry and made it faster, more reliable.

This is eight times faster than the spinners at the time could currently produce. This also at the same time reduced the amount of time needed to make cloth. His invention changed life in the industrial revolution. It moved the textile industries from a home setting to factories which freed up time for us to pursue other things.

Steam Engine by James Watt 1769

The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod and flywheel, into rotational force for work. It was used for locomotion and factories that needed reliable power. It basically powered the Industrial Revolution and was way more efficient than the engines at the time.

Before steam most factories ran on water, wind, or people. Water is good but a factory needs to be located near a river. The steam engine could be placed anywhere and provided reliable power to power large machines. The best part about it was that it was so efficient that it could be used to power trains and ferries. It was also easy to afford with the smaller amount of fuel it required. The steam engine made a lot of things in the industry easier and more affordable.

Cotton Gin by Eli Wittney 1856

A cotton gin is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater productivity than manual cotton separation. It revolutionized the cotton industry.

The cotton gin made the whole process of separating seeds from the cotton automatic. It also provided us with more clothing for less money in a shorter amount of time.

The Shrimp Girl is a painting by the English artist William Hogarth. It was painted around 1740–45, and is held by the National Gallery, London. [more]

Steel Process by Bessemer 1856

The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. It also improved steel production.

It helped increase steel production, which caused steel prices to drop. Lower steel prices led to more railroads and more railroads equals more trade and a better Industrial Revolution. Also, before the open furnace it was crucial to creating stronger rails for constructing the railroads and helped to make stronger metal machines.

Smallpox Vaccine by Edward Jenner 1796

Jenner's vaccine consisted of taking the lesions of cowpox from a young dairy made and injecting it into an eight year old boy. He was a little sick for a while but after ten days he was completely well. He then injected him with smallpox and the kid showed no symptoms. He shared his findings and this process became known to many doctors.

This is important because it was the start of mainstream vaccination and a well known understanding of how to protect against diseases. This saved a lot of lives and improved many medical practices for people around the globe.

Bacteria by Pasteur 1864

He discovered bacteria and developed a process of removing these microorganisms through pasteurization. This is when you heat a liquid to a very high temperature so that it kills the harmful bacteria inside of that liquid.

This process and discovery allowed for widespread process of food safety that is still used to this day. It improved the health of millions across the globe and gave us a basic understanding of how people can get sick.

Telegraph Communications by Samual Morse 1838

The telegraph provided almost instant communication across the globe. It works mostly by using morse code which is sent to a device called a register that receives the incoming messages and transcribes them on a piece of paper.

The telegraph is important because it allowed for businesses to grow. As business owners established more coordinated things because of the instant communication the economy began to grow. It changed people’s lives in how they talked to each other long distance and increased the amount of information we were able to receive and process.

Concrete by Joseph Aspdin 1824

Concrete shaped construction industry forever. It was made by sintering a mixture of clay and limestone to around 1400 degrees centigrade. This then needed to be ground into a fine power to be mixed with sand and gravel to make concrete.

Concrete was important because it allowed for the making of bigger and larger feats of engineering. It changed the proportion and scale of what we could physically do in construction. It helped in the making of the Thames Tunnel and the London Sewage System and many more things that we could not have done.

The Music Lesson

The Music Lesson or Lady at the Virginals with a Gentleman by Jan Vermeer, is a painting of young female pupil receiving the titular music lesson. [more]

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Peyton St. Clair Industrial Revolution Inventions